Business Models Overview
In terms of Mobility & Freight, an additional set of state-of-the-art business models can be considered, in association with the most suitable technologies, funding mechanisms, governance, and procurement models. The following section describes the different business models identified and illustrates possible implementation combinations through the solutions studied in Munich, Lyon, and Alba Iulia.
Description
- Installation and operation of public electric vehicle charging stations to provide electric vehicle charging infrastructure in areas where private providers may choose not to be active due to low economic attractiveness (e.g., low-income or rural areas).
- The charging stations can be operated by a public body like the municipality itself, or private providers can be incentivized via partnerships or sponsorships to operate them.
Benefits
- Ensures the availability of electric vehicle charging infrastructure in underserved areas, promoting the adoption of electric vehicles.
- Possible monetization strategies include pay-per-use models, long-term subscription models, and advertising fees.
Governance and Procurement
- Governed by city management (CM) or special purpose vehicles (SPV).
- Procurement procedures include Request for Information (RFI) and Competitive Procurement Requests/Competitive Contracting Procedures (CCPR/CCPU).
Description
- Smart charging adjusts the charging load based on energy system needs, while vehicle-to-grid technology allows discharging the car battery back to the grid.
- Combines electric mobility with flexibility services, creating revenue streams for car owners.
Benefits
- Enhances grid stability and optimizes energy usage, providing financial benefits to car owners.
- Supports the integration of renewable energy sources into the grid.
Governance and Procurement
- Governed by city management (CM) or special purpose vehicles (SPV).
- Procurement procedures include RFI and CCPR/CCPU.
Description
- Ensures shared-mobility solutions are accessible to all citizens, regardless of income level or location.
- Public institutions can offer shared-mobility services or provide incentives for private providers to ensure a just distribution of services.
Benefits
- Promotes the use of shared mobility solutions, reducing traffic congestion and environmental impact.
- Monetization strategies include usage fee models, subscription models, and advertising fees.
Governance and Procurement
- Governed by city management (CM) or special purpose vehicles (SPV).
- Procurement procedures include RFI, CCPR/CCPU, and Wholesale Contracts (WC).
Description
- Designated zones or districts where only zero-emission delivery vehicles are allowed.
- Alternatively, entrance fees can be charged to delivery service companies using non-zero-emission vehicles, incentivizing investment in zero-emission fleets.
Benefits
- Reduces urban pollution and promotes the adoption of zero-emission delivery vehicles.
- Encourages private companies to invest in sustainable logistics solutions.
Governance and Procurement
- Governed by city management (CM) or special purpose vehicles (SPV).
- Procurement procedures include CCPR/CCPU and WC.
This comprehensive overview demonstrates how various digital tools and technologies can be integrated into different business models, each offering unique benefits and monetization strategies while optimizing urban management and services in the context of mobility and freight.